Humans Immunotherapy Inflammation Prognosis Progression-Free Survival *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Adult Aged Aged 80 and over Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects/*therapeutic use B7-H1 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors Carcinoma/*drug therapy/immunology/mortality/pathology Clinical Decision-Making Female Humans Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects/*therapeutic use Male Middle Aged Patient Selection Progression-Free Survival Time Factors Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy/immunology/mortality/pathology Urothelium/*drug effects/immunology/pathology Immune-checkpoint inhibitor Meta-analysis Programmed death-ligand 1 Urothelial carcinoma interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: The authors certify that all conflicts of interest including specific financial interests and relationships and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the article are listed as follows: Shahrokh Shariat owns or co-owns the following patents: methods to determine prognosis after therapy for prostate cancer. Granted 2002-09-06. Methods to determine prognosis after therapy for bladder cancer. Granted 2003-06-19. Prognostic methods for patients with prostatic disease. Granted 2004-08-05. Soluble Fas: urinary marker for the detection of bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Granted 2010-07-20. He has a consulting or advisory role for the following: Astellas Astra Zeneca Bayer BMS Cepheid Ferring Ipsen Jansen Lilly MSD Olympus Pfizer Pierre Fabre Roche Sanochemia Sanofi Takeda Urogen and Wolff. All remaining authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Administration Intravesical Antineoplastic Agents/*administration & dosage/adverse effects Clinical Trials as Topic Disease Progression Humans Neoplasm Metastasis *Neoplasm Recurrence Local Network Meta-Analysis Progression-Free Survival Risk Assessment Risk Factors Time Factors Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality/pathology

Adult Aged Aged 80 and over B7-H1 Antigen/genetics/*immunology Female Humans Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/*administration & dosage *Immunotherapy Male Middle Aged Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/genetics/*immunology Progression-Free Survival Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/mortality/*therapy efficacy immunotherapy meta-analysis safety urothelial cancer this study.

Carcinoma Papillary/mortality/pathology/*therapy Disease Progression Humans Neoplasm Staging Progression-Free Survival Risk Assessment Risk Factors Time Factors Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*therapy Urothelium/*pathology Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy Bladder cancer Bladder sparing Immediate cystectomy Micropapillary Prognosis Transurethral resection Urothelial carcinoma Variant histology

*DNA Methylation DNA Neoplasm/*metabolism Humans Prognosis Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*genetics Biomarker Bladder cancer DNA methylation Overall survival Progression-free survival

Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use Carcinoma Transitional Cell/pathology/*therapy Chemotherapy Adjuvant Cystectomy Cystoscopy Humans Lymph Node Excision Muscle Smooth/*pathology *Neoadjuvant Therapy Neoplasm Invasiveness *Organ Sparing Treatments Progression-Free Survival Proportional Hazards Models *Radiotherapy Adjuvant Survival Rate Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology/*therapy Bladder preserving Cancer Muscle invasive Radical cystectomy Trimodal