Aged Aged 80 and over Humans Male Middle Aged Outcome Assessment Health Care Plant Extracts/administration & dosage Prostatic Hyperplasia/*drug therapy Serenoa Tamsulosin/administration & dosage Urological Agents/administration & dosage *Serenoa repens *benign prostatic hyperplasia *meta-analysis *randomized controlled trials *tamsulosin conflicts of interest with respect to the research authorship and/or publication of this article.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/*administration & dosage/pharmacology Drug Interactions Drug Therapy Combination Erectile Dysfunction/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology Hemodynamics/*drug effects Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology Male Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors/*administration & dosage/pharmacology Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications/*drug therapy/physiopathology Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Alpha blocker Benign prostatic hyperplasia Erectile dysfunction Hemodynamic interaction Luts Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors

Adult Embolization Therapeutic/*adverse effects/methods Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/*etiology Male Middle Aged Patient Reported Outcome Measures Penile Erection/physiology Prostate/blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia/*therapy Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Safety Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia Lower urinary tract symptoms Prostatic artery embolization Systematic review

Aged Drug Therapy Combination Erectile Dysfunction/*drug therapy Humans Male Middle Aged Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Prostatic Hyperplasia/*drug therapy Tadalafil Tamsulosin Treatment Outcome Vasodilator Agents *benign prostatic hyperplasia *erectile dysfunction *meta-analysis *tadalafil *tamsulosin conflicts of interest with respect to the research authorship and/or publication of this article.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/*administration & dosage Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists/*administration & dosage Drug Therapy Combination Dutasteride/*administration & dosage Erectile Dysfunction/chemically induced/diagnosis Humans Male Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis/*drug therapy/epidemiology Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods Tamsulosin/*administration & dosage Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia Dutasteride Meta-analysis Randomized controlled trials Tamsulosin published studies thus no ethical approval and patient consent are required. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Aged Catheterization Humans *Laser Therapy Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/physiopathology Male Prostate/physiopathology Prostatic Hyperplasia/physiopathology Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic *Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) button-type bipolar plasma vaporization (BTPV) lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) transurethral resection (TURP)

*Bipolar Disorder China Humans Male Prostatectomy *Prostatic Hyperplasia Quality of Life *Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia High-risk and senior patients Meta-analysis Systematic review Transurethral bipolar plasmakinetic prostatectomy

Aged Holmium Humans *Laser Therapy Lasers Solid-State Male Postoperative Complications/etiology Prostate/*radiation effects Prostatic Hyperplasia Publication Bias Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Thulium Treatment Outcome Efficacy Enucleation Holmium laser Meta-analysis Safety Thulium laser

Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Male Postoperative Complications/*etiology Prostatic Hyperplasia Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Sexual Dysfunction Physiological/*etiology Urologic Surgical Procedures Male/*adverse effects

Female Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/*drug therapy Male Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications/*drug therapy Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Sexual Dysfunction Physiological Treatment Outcome

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists/*administration & dosage Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists/administration & dosage Cholinergic Antagonists/administration & dosage Drug Therapy Combination Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/*drug therapy Male Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors/*administration & dosage Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications Quality of Life Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic 5-alpha reductase inhibitor Lower urinary tract symptoms alpha blockers anticholinergic: systematic review benign prostatic hyperplasia randomized trials

Capsules Drugs Chinese Herbal Humans Male Prostatic Hyperplasia/*drug therapy Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Treatment Outcome Urinary Retention benign prostatic hyperplasia meta-analysis randomized controlled trial systematic review Qianlieshutong Capsules

Embolization Therapeutic Humans Male Prostate/*blood supply/pathology Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis/*therapy Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia Meta-analysis Prostatic artery embolization Transurethral resection of the prostate PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Aged Aged 80 and over Ejaculation Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/etiology Male Middle Aged Organ Size Penile Erection Prostate/pathology Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications Quality of Life Retreatment/statistics & numerical data Robotic Surgical Procedures Surgery Computer-Assisted/methods Transurethral Resection of Prostate *Water

Administration Oral Chronic Disease Flowers/physiology Humans Male Medicine Traditional Phytotherapy Plant Extracts/*administration & dosage Pollen/*physiology Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy Prostatitis/drug therapy Treatment Outcome clinical practice efficacy evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine phytotherapy pollen review

Androgen Antagonists/*pharmacology Biomarkers/urine Humans Inflammation/urine Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/physiopathology Male Observational Studies as Topic Phytotherapy Plant Extracts/*pharmacology Prostatic Hyperplasia/physiopathology/urine Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Serenoa Treatment Outcome * Serenoa repens *Luts/bph *Permixon *hexanic extract *meta-analysis *systematic review

Humans Length of Stay Male Perioperative Period Prostate/pathology Prostatic Hyperplasia/epidemiology/pathology Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Saline Solution Transurethral Resection of Prostate/*adverse effects/*economics/standards Treatment Outcome United Kingdom/epidemiology Urethral Stricture/complications Urologic Surgical Procedures *Bph *Benign prostate enlargement *Benign prostate hyperplasia *Cost minimisation analysis *Meta-analysis *TUR syndrome *Turp *TURis *Transurethral resection in saline *Transurethral resection of the prostate

AE adverse event FSP first sleep period ICIQ-N International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Nocturia ICS International Continence Society Luts NP nocturnal polyuria NPI Nocturnal Polyuria Index Nocturia Nocturnal polyuria Oral desmopressin PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses PVR post-void residual urine volume RCT randomised controlled trial

Humans Male Postoperative Complications Prostatic Hyperplasia Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic *Transurethral Resection of Prostate/methods

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists Drug Therapy Combination Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Male Middle Aged Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Prostatic Hyperplasia Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic