Administration Intravesical Antineoplastic Agents/*administration & dosage Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage Carcinoma Transitional Cell/*drug therapy/mortality Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage Doxorubicin/administration & dosage/analogs & derivatives Epirubicin/administration & dosage Humans Melphalan/administration & dosage Network Meta-Analysis Semustine/administration & dosage Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy/mortality chemotherapy drug therapy single instillation systematic review urinary bladder neoplasm

Adult Aged Aged 80 and over Biomarkers Tumor/*metabolism Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/*metabolism *Down-Regulation Female Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic Humans Lymphatic Metastasis Male Middle Aged Prognosis Survival Analysis Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/metabolism/mortality/*pathology

Asian People/*statistics & numerical data Case-Control Studies Cohort Studies Confounding Factors Epidemiologic Epidemiologic Studies Humans Japan/epidemiology Research Design Risk Factors Smoking/*adverse effects/*epidemiology Smoking Cessation Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*epidemiology/etiology Japanese bladder cancer cigarette smoking epidemiology systematic review