Enhanced Recovery Pathways Versus Standard Care After Cystectomy: A Meta-analysis of the Effect on Perioperative Outcomes
作者：
Tyson M. D.
Chang S. S.
作者单位：
Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Department of Urology, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas. Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria. Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. European Association of Urology Research Foundation, Arnhem, Netherlands.
归属分类：
膀胱肿瘤诊断证据
DOI：
10.1097/ju.0000000000001548.01
INTRODUCTION: Despite recent attention, there are no gender specific guidelines to address the disparity in bladder cancer survival between the sexes. The focus of this review was to identify areas of clinical practice that may influence bladder cancer outcomes and to provide evidence-based recommendations to improve bladder cancer survival in women. METHOD: A systematic search of MEDLINE was conducted to identify studies related to referral, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of patients with bladder cancer with particular reference to gender differences. RESULTS: Patients' knowledge of key signs and symptoms of bladder cancer is poor. There is evidence that there is a gender difference in referral patterns both at patient and primary care level. The presence of cystits, in particular, delays referral. Treatment and surveillance of high-risk non-muscle invasive cancers is variable and non-urothelial bladder cancer, which has higher incidence in women is more likely to be treated non-operatively than urothelial bladder cancer. CONCLUSION: We have offered recommendations to improve patient education and streamline referrals and suggested considerations for treatment of high-risk cancers to help improve survival in female bladder cancer patients.