Aged Arteries Embolization Therapeutic Humans Male Prostate/*blood supply/surgery Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery/*therapy Reference Standards Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome

Aged Arteries Ejaculation Embolization Therapeutic Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/*therapy Male Penile Erection Postoperative Complications/etiology Prostate/*blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia Quality of Life Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Retreatment/statistics & numerical data Sexual Dysfunction Physiological/etiology *Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome

Acrylic Resins/administration & dosage Embolization Therapeutic Gelatin/administration & dosage Humans Male Particle Size Polyvinyl Alcohol/administration & dosage Prostate/*blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia/*therapy Radiography Interventional

Adult Embolization Therapeutic/*adverse effects/methods Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/*etiology Male Middle Aged Patient Reported Outcome Measures Penile Erection/physiology Prostate/blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia/*therapy Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Safety Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia Lower urinary tract symptoms Prostatic artery embolization Systematic review

Anticoagulants Blood Transfusion *Deprescriptions Dysuria/epidemiology Humans Laser Therapy Male Operative Time Postoperative Complications/epidemiology Prostatic Hyperplasia Reoperation Transurethral Resection of Prostate Urethral Stricture/epidemiology Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology Anticoagulant Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) Lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) Photoselective vaporization (PVP)

Humans Laparoscopy/*statistics & numerical data Male Margins of Excision Operative Time Prostate/surgery Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood Prostatectomy/*statistics & numerical data Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatic Neoplasms/blood Robotic Surgical Procedures/*statistics & numerical data Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder *laparoscopy *prostatectomy *prostatic neoplasms *robotic surgical procedures *urinary bladder neck obstruction

Blood Transfusion Clinical Trials as Topic Humans Length of Stay Male Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures Operative Time Prostate Prostatectomy Prostatic Hyperplasia Quality of Life Treatment Outcome Urinary Retention *benign prostatic hyperplasia *laparoscopic *minimally invasive simple prostatectomy *open simple prostatectomy *robotic

Embolization Therapeutic Humans Male Prostate/*blood supply/pathology Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis/*therapy Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia Meta-analysis Prostatic artery embolization Transurethral resection of the prostate PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia Bladder fluid Blood loss Hypothermia Irrigation fluid Shiver Temperature

Antifibrinolytic Agents/*administration & dosage Blood Loss Surgical/*prevention & control Blood Transfusion/statistics & numerical data Humans Incidence Male Prostatectomy/*adverse effects Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery Thromboembolism/*epidemiology/etiology Tranexamic Acid/*administration & dosage *Anesthesia *Blood loss *Prostate *Review *Surgical *Systematic *Tranexamic acid

Arteries Embolization Therapeutic/*adverse effects/methods/standards Humans Kallikreins/blood Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/blood/etiology/*therapy Male Practice Guidelines as Topic Prostate/blood supply Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood Prostatic Hyperplasia/blood/complications/*therapy Quality of Life Treatment Outcome *arteries *embolization *investigational *prostatic hyperplasia *therapeutic *therapies *treatment outcome

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/pharmacology Blood Loss Surgical/*prevention & control Blood Transfusion Dutasteride/*pharmacology Hemoglobins/analysis Humans Male Microcirculation Prospective Studies Prostate Prostatic Hyperplasia Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Retrospective Studies *Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism Benign prostatic hyperplasia Dutasteride Intraoperative blood loss Meta-analysis Transurethral resection of the prostate

Aged Causality Comorbidity Embolization Therapeutic/*statistics & numerical data Follow-Up Studies Humans Longitudinal Studies Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/*epidemiology/*prevention & control Male Middle Aged Prostate/blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnostic imaging/*epidemiology/*therapy Risk Factors Treatment Outcome

Aged Embolization Therapeutic Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/complications/therapy Male Prostate/blood supply/diagnostic imaging Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications/*therapy Treatment Outcome Bph Prostate artery embolisation Quality of life

*Arteries Embolization Therapeutic Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/etiology Male Prostate/*blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications/diagnosis/*therapy Quality of Life Risk Factors Time Factors Treatment Outcome

Aged Humans Male Middle Aged Prostatic Hyperplasia/blood Prostatic Neoplasms/*blood Publication Bias Sensitivity and Specificity Zinc/*blood

Aged Blood Transfusion/statistics & numerical data Catheters Indwelling/statistics & numerical data Humans Laser Therapy Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Prostatic Hyperplasia Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) prostate transurethral vaporesection transurethral resection of prostate (TURP)

Embolization Therapeutic Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/*therapy Male Prostate/*blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia/physiopathology/*therapy benign prostatic hyperplasia lower urinary tract symptoms meta-analysis prostate artery embolization

Disease Progression Humans Kallikreins/blood Male Metabolic Syndrome Organ Size Prostate/growth & development/pathology/physiopathology Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood Prostatic Hyperplasia/pathology/physiopathology

*Arteries/diagnostic imaging Embolization Therapeutic Humans Kallikreins/blood Male Prostate/*blood supply Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnostic imaging/*therapy Quality of Life Time Factors Treatment Outcome