*Endoscopy Humans Incidence Incidental Findings Male *Prostatectomy/methods Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis/*epidemiology

Cystectomy/*adverse effects Humans Male Neoplasm Recurrence Local/*diagnosis Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis Transurethral Resection of Prostate/*adverse effects Urinary Bladder/*diagnostic imaging Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis *#BladderCancer *#blcsm *Turbt *Turp *benign prostatic hyperplasia *bladder cancer *endoscopic surgery *simultaneous surgery

*Erectile Dysfunction/etiology Humans *Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/diagnosis/etiology/surgery Male Network Meta-Analysis *Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications/surgery *Transurethral Resection of Prostate *Benign prostatic hyperplasia *Benign prostatic obstruction *Ejaculation *Ejaculatory dysfunction *Erectile dysfunction *Erectile function *International Index of Erectile Function-5 *Network meta-analysis *Prostatic urethral lift *Sexual function

Bladder Cancer Clinical Practice Guideline Diagnosis Evidenced-based Medicine Treatment.

Bladder Cancer Clinical Practice Guideline Diagnosis Evidenced-based Medicine Treatment.

Bladder Cancer Specimen Pathological Diagnosis Consensus

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/*administration & dosage Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists/*administration & dosage Drug Therapy Combination Dutasteride/*administration & dosage Erectile Dysfunction/chemically induced/diagnosis Humans Male Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis/*drug therapy/epidemiology Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods Tamsulosin/*administration & dosage Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia Dutasteride Meta-analysis Randomized controlled trials Tamsulosin published studies thus no ethical approval and patient consent are required. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Delphi Bladder Cancer Consensus Diagnosis Follow-up Treatment

Embolization Therapeutic Humans Male Prostate/*blood supply/pathology Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis/*therapy Transurethral Resection of Prostate Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia Meta-analysis Prostatic artery embolization Transurethral resection of the prostate PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Biomarkers/analysis Humans Male MicroRNAs/*analysis Prostatic Hyperplasia/*diagnosis/metabolism Benign prostatic hyperplasia Diagnosis Prostate cancer Therapy miRNA

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use Cholinergic Antagonists/administration & dosage Drug Therapy Combination Humans *Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Male Prostatic Hyperplasia/*diagnosis/*drug therapy Publication Bias Quality of Life Treatment Outcome

*Arteries Embolization Therapeutic Humans Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/etiology Male Prostate/*blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications/diagnosis/*therapy Quality of Life Risk Factors Time Factors Treatment Outcome

Humans *Transurethral Resection of Bladder Neoplasm Recurrence Local/pathology *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/surgery/pathology Prognosis Urologic Surgical Procedures Cystectomy Bladder cancer Css Os Pfs Rfs Transurethral resection of bladder tumors financial ties to disclose.

Humans Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use Neoplasm Residual Neoplasm Recurrence Local/prevention & control *Photochemotherapy/methods Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy/surgery/diagnosis Aminolevulinic Acid/therapeutic use Cystoscopy/methods Cystoscopy Fluorescent cystoscopy Hexaminolevulinate Meta-analysis Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer Urinary bladder neoplasms conflicts of interest in the manuscript and during the submission process. This manuscript has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere.

Humans Cost-Benefit Analysis *Early Detection of Cancer *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology

*Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics Humans Prospective Studies Sensitivity and Specificity *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology Adxbladder Biomarker Bladder cancer Diagnostic accuracy Mcm5 Systematic review

Female Humans Male Research Design/*standards Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*diagnostic imaging Bladder cancer Magnetic resonance imaging Meta-analysis Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System

Administration Intravesical Combined Modality Therapy Cystectomy/*methods Humans Neoplasm Recurrence Local/*epidemiology Network Meta-Analysis Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Urethra Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/drug therapy/epidemiology/*surgery #BladderCancer #blcsm #uroonc blue-light cystoscopy hexaminolevulinic acid narrow band imaging non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma photodynamic diagnosis single immediate intravesical chemotherapy

Cystectomy/*adverse effects Humans Male Neoplasm Recurrence Local/*diagnosis Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis/*surgery Transurethral Resection of Prostate/*adverse effects Urinary Bladder/*diagnostic imaging Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/*surgery #BladderCancer #blcsm Turbt Turp benign prostatic hyperplasia bladder cancer endoscopic surgery simultaneous surgery

Biomarkers Tumor *Carcinoma Transitional Cell/diagnosis Female Humans Male Nuclear Proteins Sensitivity and Specificity *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology bladder tumor diagnosis meta analysis nuclear matrix protein urine cytology