Biomarkers Tumor Cystoscopy Humans Neoplasm Recurrence Local/diagnosis Network Meta-Analysis *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis Accuracy Bladder cancer Urinary biomarkers Urine cytology

Humans Quality of Life Retrospective Studies *Sarcopenia/epidemiology/etiology *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/complications/epidemiology Bladder cancer Prevalence Sarcopenia Systematic review

Age of Onset Cohort Studies Female Hormones/*metabolism Humans Menopause Middle Aged Parity Prospective Studies *Reproduction Risk Assessment Risk Factors United States/epidemiology Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/*physiopathology Plco bladder cancer hormones meta-analysis reproductive factors interest.

bladder cancer carbohydrates glycemic index glycemic load meta-analysis

Adult Caffeine/*adverse effects Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects Coffee/*adverse effects Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Dose-Response Relationship Drug Female Humans Male Middle Aged Risk Factors Smoking/*adverse effects Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*etiology Bladder cancer Coffee consumption Cohort study Dose–response analyses Smoking

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/*therapeutic use Carcinoma Transitional Cell/immunology/mortality/pathology/*therapy Chemotherapy Adjuvant/methods/statistics & numerical data Clinical Trials Phase I as Topic Clinical Trials Phase II as Topic Cystectomy Disease-Free Survival Follow-Up Studies Humans Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/*therapeutic use Muscle Smooth/pathology/surgery Neoadjuvant Therapy/*methods/statistics & numerical data Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology Prospective Studies Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder/pathology/surgery Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/immunology/mortality/pathology/*therapy Bladder cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immunotherapy Neoadjuvant

Carcinoma/*diagnosis/*therapy Humans Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*diagnosis/*therapy Bladder cancer Clear cell carcinoma Systematic review Urinary bladder

*Cystectomy/methods Humans *Nutritional Status Postoperative Complications/*epidemiology/mortality Preoperative Period Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery Bladder cancer Complications Cystectomy Mortality Nutritional status Sarcopenia

Aged Catheterization Female Hospitalization Humans Lasers Solid-State/*therapeutic use Male Middle Aged Muscles/*pathology Neoplasm Recurrence Local/pathology Postoperative Complications/etiology Publication Bias Treatment Outcome Urethral Stricture/surgery Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery *Urologic Surgical Procedures Holmium laser Meta-analysis Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer Transurethral resection

Administration Intravesical BCG Vaccine/therapeutic use *Carcinoma in Situ/diagnosis/therapy Female Humans Male Neoplasm Invasiveness *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/pathology/therapy *Urology *BCG unresponsive *Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) *Bladder cancer *Cystoscopy *Diagnosis *European Association of Urology (EAU) *Follow-up *Guidelines *Intravesical chemotherapy *Prognosis *Radical cystectomy *Transurethral resection (TUR) *Urothelial carcinoma

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use Androgens/therapeutic use *Carcinoma in Situ Humans Male *Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology *Androgen suppression therapy *Androgens *Bladder cancer *Incidence *Recurrence *Systematic review

Humans Incidence Risk Factors Suicide/*statistics & numerical data Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/*psychology Bladder cancer Meta-analysis Suicide Systematic review

bladder cancer mediation socioeconomic status survival systematic review Janssen and undertakes research funded by UroGen Pharma and QED Therapeutics. We can confirm all other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Data Systems Humans *Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neoplasm Invasiveness Predictive Value of Tests Reproducibility of Results Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/pathology Bladder cancer Magnetic resonance imaging Meta-analysis Muscle invasive Systematic review Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System

Cystectomy Humans Neoplasm Recurrence Local/surgery Prospective Studies *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery Urologic Surgical Procedures bladder cancer repeat restaging second look transurethral resection

Carcinoma Transitional Cell/secondary/*surgery Cystectomy/*adverse effects/methods Humans *Lymphatic Metastasis Neoplasm Recurrence Local/*epidemiology Peritoneal Neoplasms/epidemiology/*secondary Robotic Surgical Procedures/*adverse effects/methods Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery Atypical recurrence Bladder cancer Cystectomy Port-site metastases Rarc

Guidelines as Topic Humans Immunotherapy/*methods Societies Medical/*standards Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy antineoplastic protocols immunotherapy urinary bladder neoplasms urologic neoplasms Pfizer AstraZeneca Nektar Seattle Genetics DragonFly Therapeutics Non-CME services: Genentech AstraZeneca Merck Seattle Genetics Contracted research: Genentech Merck AstraZeneca Nektar Seattle Genetics Immunomedics. PCB─Consulting fees: AbbVie Asieris Pharmaceuticals Astellas AstraZeneca Bayer Biosyent Bristol-Myers Squibb EMD Serono Ferring Fergene H3 Biomedicine Janssen Merck Roche Sanofi TerSera Urogen Contracted research: iProgen. MTC─Consulting fees: Pfizer EMD Serono AstraZeneca Exelixis Eisai Seattle Genetics Astellas Contracted research: Exelixis Pfizer/EMD Serono Janssen Apricity Health. GSD─Participant/unpaid volunteer: HealthVibe focus group 2020. MDG─Consulting fees: Inovio NuMab Janssen Merck GlaxoSmithKline Genentech Bristol-Myers Squibb Seattle Genetics Dracen Dragonfly Astellas Novartis Pfizer AstraZeneca Incyte Dendreon Eli Lilly EMD Serono Aileron Therapeutics Ownership interest: Rappta Therapeutics NPI: 1639140668. PG─Consulting fees: AstraZeneca Dyania Health EMD Serono Immunomedics Janssen Merck Mirati Therapeutics Genentech Pfizer Seattle Genetics Contracted Research: Bavarian Nordic Bristol-Myers Squibb Clovis Oncology Debiopharm Immunomedics Pfizer Merck QED Therapeutics GlaxoSmithKline Kure It Cancer Research Mirati Therapeutics. SG─Consulting fees: Merck Bristol-Myers Squibb Janssen Seattle Genetics AstraZeneca Contracted research: Bristol-Myers Squibb Pfizer Non-CME services: Exelixis. CJH─Consulting fees: Astellas Bristol-Myers Squibb Genentech Merck Eisai Seattle Genetics 2bPrecise Non-CME services: Astellas Bristol-Myers Squibb Genentech Eisai Seattle Genetics. AMK─Consulting fees: Abbott Molecular Arquer ArTara Asieris AstraZeneca BioClin Therapeutics Bristol-Myers Squibb Cepheid Cold Genesys Eisai Engene Inc. Ferring FerGene Imagin Janssen MDxHealth Medac Merck Pfizer Photocure ProTara Roviant Seattle Genetics Sessen Bio Theralase TMC Innovation US Biotest Contracted research: Adolor Bristol-Myers Squibb FKD Industries Heat Biologics Merck Photocure SWOG/NIH SPORE AIBCCR Clinical trials: FKD Merck Bristol-Myers Squibb Photocure SWOG Adolor Heat Biologics Laboratory research: NIH SPORE AIBCCR Educational grant: CEC Oncology Editorial board: European Urology Oncology Journal of Urology UroToday President of organization: International Bladder Cancer Network (IBCN) International Bladder Cancer Group (IBCG) IP Rights: CyPRIT (Cytokine Predictors of Response to Intravesical Therapy) Joint with UT MD Anderson Cancer Center. LPL─Consulting fees: Pfizer Advisory Nursing board 2018 Lecture/Speaker/Expert Panel: ASCO Bladder Program 2019 Pfizer learning day 2019 ASCO Bladder Program Panel Member and Faculty 2019 Pfizer Learning Day Speaker 2019 BCAN Webinar Faculty 11/2020. JJM─Consulting fees: AstraZeneca Ferring Janssen Nucleix Foundation Medicine Contracted research: Epizyme Tesaro Abbvie Teaching an endoscopy course: Olympus. ERP─Consulting fees: AstraZeneca Infinity Pharma Pfizer Flatiron Genentech Merck Seattle Genetics Contracted research: Astellas Bristol-Myers Squibb Genentech Merck. JER─Consulting fees: Merck Bristol-Myers Squibb AstraZeneca Astellas Seattle Genetics Boehringer Ingelheim Bayer Pfizer Roche/Genentech Mirati QED Therapeutics Janssen Pharmacyclics GlaxoSmithKline Contracted research/Clinical trial funding: Seattle Genetics Astellas Roche/Genentech Bayer AstraZeneca QED Therapeutics. NS─Consulting fees: Amgen Astellas AstraZeneca Bayer Bristol-Myers Squibb Dendreon Fergene Ferring Janssen Merck Myovant Nymox Pfizer Sanofi/Genzyme Sesen Bio Sun Pharma Tolmar. GDS─Consulting fees: Merck Janssen Ferring Bristol-Myers Squibb Pfizer Genentech Epivax Oncology AstraZeneca Fidia Cold Genesys EnGene Bio Aduro Biotech Dendreon FKD Therapies CiClomed Seattle Genetics Urogen PhotoCure. SITC staff: SMW—Shares owned: Pacific Biosciences Editas Medicine EG AK BL LL─Nothing to disclose.

Disease Progression Humans Muscle Smooth/pathology Neoplasm Grading Neoplasm Invasiveness Neoplasm Staging Treatment Failure Urinary Bladder/pathology Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*pathology/*therapy *Watchful Waiting Active surveillance Non-Muscle Invasive bladder cancer Urothelial neoplasm

*Carcinoma Transitional Cell Evidence-Based Medicine Humans *Radiology Societies Medical United States *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging Auc Appropriate Use Criteria Appropriateness Criteria Bladder cancer Muscle invasive bladder cancer Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer Surveillance Transitional cell carcinoma Urothelial cancer

Carcinoma Transitional Cell/epidemiology/*pathology Disease Progression Humans Neoplasm Invasiveness Neoplasm Recurrence Local/epidemiology Neoplasm Staging Prognosis Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/*pathology Bladder cancer Progression Staging Substage T1 Urothelial carcinoma pT1