*Endoscopy Humans Incidence Incidental Findings Male *Prostatectomy/methods Prostatic Hyperplasia Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis/*epidemiology

Aged China Databases Factual *Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology Humans *Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/complications/epidemiology Male *Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications *Luts *benign prostatic hyperplasia *diabetes mellitus *lower urinary tract symptoms *meta-analysis commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Humans Incidence Male Pain Postoperative/*epidemiology Pelvic Pain/*epidemiology Prostatic Hyperplasia Transurethral Resection of Prostate/*adverse effects Dysuria Pain Prostate Prostatic hyperplasia Transurethral resection of prostate Urological surgical procedures

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/administration & dosage/*adverse effects Alopecia/drug therapy Depression/*chemically induced/epidemiology Finasteride/administration & dosage/*adverse effects Humans Male Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy Sexual Dysfunction Physiological/chemically induced/epidemiology Suicidal Ideation

Constriction Pathologic Humans Incidence Male Postoperative Complications/*epidemiology Prostatic Hyperplasia *Transurethral Resection of Prostate Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction/*epidemiology Benign prostatic hyperplasia Laser therapy Postoperative complications Prostatectomy Transurethral Transurethral resection of prostate Urinary bladder neck obstruction

Humans Lasers Solid-State *Learning Curve Male *Postoperative Complications/epidemiology Prostatectomy Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction/etiology *Benign prostatic hyperplasia *Complicaciones *Complications *Curva de aprendizaje *Hiperplasia prostática benigna *HoLEP *Laser *Láser *Prostate *Próstata

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/*administration & dosage Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists/*administration & dosage Drug Therapy Combination Dutasteride/*administration & dosage Erectile Dysfunction/chemically induced/diagnosis Humans Male Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis/*drug therapy/epidemiology Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods Tamsulosin/*administration & dosage Treatment Outcome Benign prostatic hyperplasia Dutasteride Meta-analysis Randomized controlled trials Tamsulosin published studies thus no ethical approval and patient consent are required. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Anticoagulants Blood Transfusion *Deprescriptions Dysuria/epidemiology Humans Laser Therapy Male Operative Time Postoperative Complications/epidemiology Prostatic Hyperplasia Reoperation Transurethral Resection of Prostate Urethral Stricture/epidemiology Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology Anticoagulant Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) Lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) Photoselective vaporization (PVP)

Humans Length of Stay Male Perioperative Period Prostate/pathology Prostatic Hyperplasia/epidemiology/pathology Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Saline Solution Transurethral Resection of Prostate/*adverse effects/*economics/standards Treatment Outcome United Kingdom/epidemiology Urethral Stricture/complications Urologic Surgical Procedures *Bph *Benign prostate enlargement *Benign prostate hyperplasia *Cost minimisation analysis *Meta-analysis *TUR syndrome *Turp *TURis *Transurethral resection in saline *Transurethral resection of the prostate

Antifibrinolytic Agents/*administration & dosage Blood Loss Surgical/*prevention & control Blood Transfusion/statistics & numerical data Humans Incidence Male Prostatectomy/*adverse effects Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery Thromboembolism/*epidemiology/etiology Tranexamic Acid/*administration & dosage *Anesthesia *Blood loss *Prostate *Review *Surgical *Systematic *Tranexamic acid

Aged Causality Comorbidity Embolization Therapeutic/*statistics & numerical data Follow-Up Studies Humans Longitudinal Studies Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms/*epidemiology/*prevention & control Male Middle Aged Prostate/blood supply Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnostic imaging/*epidemiology/*therapy Risk Factors Treatment Outcome

Humans Smoking/adverse effects/epidemiology *Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/etiology *Carcinoma Transitional Cell Prognosis Neoplasm Recurrence Local/epidemiology Current smoker Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer Progression Recurrence Smoking

Humans Aged Cystectomy/methods *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery Urinary Bladder *Urinary Diversion/methods Hospital Mortality Bladder cancer Complications Epidemiology Mortality Radical cystectomy Urinary diversions

Humans Cystectomy/adverse effects/methods *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery/etiology Urinary Bladder *Urinary Diversion/adverse effects/methods *Acidosis/epidemiology/etiology/therapy Acidosis metabólica Bicarbonate Bicarbonato Bladder tumor Cistectomía radical Derivación urinaria Metabolic acidosis Radical cystectomy Tratamiento Treatment Tumor vesical Urinary diversion

Humans *Adjuvants Immunologic/therapeutic use/adverse effects Administration Intravesical Neoplasm Recurrence Local/epidemiology *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology Drug Administration Schedule Bcg Cvnmi Desabastecimiento Dosis completa Dosis reducida Full dose Nmibc Reduced dose Shortage

Male Humans *Papillomavirus Infections/complications/epidemiology/prevention & control Human Papillomavirus Viruses Mendelian Randomization Analysis Papillomaviridae/genetics Human papillomavirus 18 *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/complications HPV prevalence bladder cancer human papillomavirus mendelian randomization meta-analysis

Humans Female *Carcinoma Transitional Cell/chemically induced/epidemiology/genetics DNA Adducts/adverse effects *Drugs Chinese Herbal/adverse effects Taiwan/epidemiology *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Carcinogens *Kidney Neoplasms/chemically induced/epidemiology/genetics *Aristolochic Acids/adverse effects/analysis *Ureteral Neoplasms/chemically induced/epidemiology *Urinary Tract Aristolochia DNA adduct Mass spectrometry Nephropathy Renal pelvic cancer Ureteral cancer

Humans Cost-Benefit Analysis *Early Detection of Cancer *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology

Cohort Studies *Dietary Fats/adverse effects Female Humans Male Prospective Studies Risk Factors Sugars *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/etiology bladder cancer diet epidemiology fat oil risk factor

Cohort Studies Female Humans Male Prospective Studies Risk Factors Tea *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/etiology Dose–response analysis Epidemiology Smoking Urinary bladder cancer