Case-Control Studies *Drinking Water Humans Nitrates/adverse effects/analysis Odds Ratio Risk Factors *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/chemically induced/epidemiology Bladder cancer Drinking water Meta-analysis Nitrate

Animals *Cheese Cohort Studies Dairy Products Diet Humans Milk Risk Factors *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/etiology Yogurt

Case-Control Studies Humans Male NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)/*genetics Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*genetics NQO1 gene meta-analysis polymorphism prostatic neoplasms urinary bladder neoplasms

Animals Body Mass Index Case-Control Studies Cohort Studies Dairy Products/*statistics & numerical data Diet/methods Educational Status Feeding Behavior Female Humans Male Milk/*statistics & numerical data Risk Factors Smoking/epidemiology Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*epidemiology

Adult Female *Hormones/adverse effects Humans Menopause Middle Aged Prospective Studies *Reproductive History Risk Factors *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology Bladder cancer Health Study Nurses’ females hormones reproductive factors

Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use Biomarkers Tumor/*blood Humans Male Neoadjuvant Therapy/*methods Prognosis Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/blood/drug therapy/*pathology Biomarkers Bladder cancer Nac Neoadjuvant chemotherapy Systematic review Ucb

Biomarkers Tumor/*urine Humans Ribonuclease Pancreatic/*urine Sensitivity and Specificity Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*diagnosis/urine

Carcinogenesis/genetics/*immunology/pathology *Genetic Predisposition to Disease Humans Inflammation/genetics/*immunology/pathology *Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Receptors Interleukin/*genetics Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics/*immunology/pathology Bladder urothelial carcinoma Gene polymorphism Interleukin 17 Interleukin 23 Interleukin-23 receptor Natural killers Tumour-associated macrophages

Biomarkers Tumor/*analysis Carcinoma Transitional Cell/*chemistry/*drug therapy Humans Neoadjuvant Therapy Prognosis Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*chemistry/*drug therapy Biomarkers Nac Neoadjuvant systemic therapy Ucb bladder cancer systematic review

Antineoplastic Agents Immunological/*therapeutic use Carcinoma Transitional Cell/*drug therapy Humans Immunotherapy/*adverse effects/methods Network Meta-Analysis Salvage Therapy/*methods Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy Rct Uc Ucb adverse events chemotherapy immunotherapy network meta-analyses second-line

Age of Onset Cohort Studies Female Hormones/*metabolism Humans Menopause Middle Aged Parity Prospective Studies *Reproduction Risk Assessment Risk Factors United States/epidemiology Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/*physiopathology Plco bladder cancer hormones meta-analysis reproductive factors interest.

Carcinoma Transitional Cell/*diagnostic imaging/*pathology Humans *Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neoplasm Staging/methods Reproducibility of Results Sensitivity and Specificity Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/*pathology

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use Androgens/therapeutic use *Carcinoma in Situ Humans Male *Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology *Androgen suppression therapy *Androgens *Bladder cancer *Incidence *Recurrence *Systematic review

Data Systems Humans *Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neoplasm Invasiveness Predictive Value of Tests Reproducibility of Results Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*diagnostic imaging/pathology Bladder cancer Magnetic resonance imaging Meta-analysis Muscle invasive Systematic review Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System

Guidelines as Topic Humans Immunotherapy/*methods Societies Medical/*standards Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy antineoplastic protocols immunotherapy urinary bladder neoplasms urologic neoplasms Pfizer AstraZeneca Nektar Seattle Genetics DragonFly Therapeutics Non-CME services: Genentech AstraZeneca Merck Seattle Genetics Contracted research: Genentech Merck AstraZeneca Nektar Seattle Genetics Immunomedics. PCB─Consulting fees: AbbVie Asieris Pharmaceuticals Astellas AstraZeneca Bayer Biosyent Bristol-Myers Squibb EMD Serono Ferring Fergene H3 Biomedicine Janssen Merck Roche Sanofi TerSera Urogen Contracted research: iProgen. MTC─Consulting fees: Pfizer EMD Serono AstraZeneca Exelixis Eisai Seattle Genetics Astellas Contracted research: Exelixis Pfizer/EMD Serono Janssen Apricity Health. GSD─Participant/unpaid volunteer: HealthVibe focus group 2020. MDG─Consulting fees: Inovio NuMab Janssen Merck GlaxoSmithKline Genentech Bristol-Myers Squibb Seattle Genetics Dracen Dragonfly Astellas Novartis Pfizer AstraZeneca Incyte Dendreon Eli Lilly EMD Serono Aileron Therapeutics Ownership interest: Rappta Therapeutics NPI: 1639140668. PG─Consulting fees: AstraZeneca Dyania Health EMD Serono Immunomedics Janssen Merck Mirati Therapeutics Genentech Pfizer Seattle Genetics Contracted Research: Bavarian Nordic Bristol-Myers Squibb Clovis Oncology Debiopharm Immunomedics Pfizer Merck QED Therapeutics GlaxoSmithKline Kure It Cancer Research Mirati Therapeutics. SG─Consulting fees: Merck Bristol-Myers Squibb Janssen Seattle Genetics AstraZeneca Contracted research: Bristol-Myers Squibb Pfizer Non-CME services: Exelixis. CJH─Consulting fees: Astellas Bristol-Myers Squibb Genentech Merck Eisai Seattle Genetics 2bPrecise Non-CME services: Astellas Bristol-Myers Squibb Genentech Eisai Seattle Genetics. AMK─Consulting fees: Abbott Molecular Arquer ArTara Asieris AstraZeneca BioClin Therapeutics Bristol-Myers Squibb Cepheid Cold Genesys Eisai Engene Inc. Ferring FerGene Imagin Janssen MDxHealth Medac Merck Pfizer Photocure ProTara Roviant Seattle Genetics Sessen Bio Theralase TMC Innovation US Biotest Contracted research: Adolor Bristol-Myers Squibb FKD Industries Heat Biologics Merck Photocure SWOG/NIH SPORE AIBCCR Clinical trials: FKD Merck Bristol-Myers Squibb Photocure SWOG Adolor Heat Biologics Laboratory research: NIH SPORE AIBCCR Educational grant: CEC Oncology Editorial board: European Urology Oncology Journal of Urology UroToday President of organization: International Bladder Cancer Network (IBCN) International Bladder Cancer Group (IBCG) IP Rights: CyPRIT (Cytokine Predictors of Response to Intravesical Therapy) Joint with UT MD Anderson Cancer Center. LPL─Consulting fees: Pfizer Advisory Nursing board 2018 Lecture/Speaker/Expert Panel: ASCO Bladder Program 2019 Pfizer learning day 2019 ASCO Bladder Program Panel Member and Faculty 2019 Pfizer Learning Day Speaker 2019 BCAN Webinar Faculty 11/2020. JJM─Consulting fees: AstraZeneca Ferring Janssen Nucleix Foundation Medicine Contracted research: Epizyme Tesaro Abbvie Teaching an endoscopy course: Olympus. ERP─Consulting fees: AstraZeneca Infinity Pharma Pfizer Flatiron Genentech Merck Seattle Genetics Contracted research: Astellas Bristol-Myers Squibb Genentech Merck. JER─Consulting fees: Merck Bristol-Myers Squibb AstraZeneca Astellas Seattle Genetics Boehringer Ingelheim Bayer Pfizer Roche/Genentech Mirati QED Therapeutics Janssen Pharmacyclics GlaxoSmithKline Contracted research/Clinical trial funding: Seattle Genetics Astellas Roche/Genentech Bayer AstraZeneca QED Therapeutics. NS─Consulting fees: Amgen Astellas AstraZeneca Bayer Bristol-Myers Squibb Dendreon Fergene Ferring Janssen Merck Myovant Nymox Pfizer Sanofi/Genzyme Sesen Bio Sun Pharma Tolmar. GDS─Consulting fees: Merck Janssen Ferring Bristol-Myers Squibb Pfizer Genentech Epivax Oncology AstraZeneca Fidia Cold Genesys EnGene Bio Aduro Biotech Dendreon FKD Therapies CiClomed Seattle Genetics Urogen PhotoCure. SITC staff: SMW—Shares owned: Pacific Biosciences Editas Medicine EG AK BL LL─Nothing to disclose.

*Carcinoma Transitional Cell Evidence-Based Medicine Humans *Radiology Societies Medical United States *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging Auc Appropriate Use Criteria Appropriateness Criteria Bladder cancer Muscle invasive bladder cancer Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer Surveillance Transitional cell carcinoma Urothelial cancer

5-ala 5-aminolaevulinic acid Hal Pdd accuracy meta-analysis bladder cancer blue light cystoscopy cystoscopy hexaminolevulinate narrow band imaging photodynamic diagnosis fluorescence consultant for Janssen Ferring Photocure Taris Spectrum Pacific Edge QED Abbvie Johnson & Johnson Seattle Genetics Nucleix Aduro and BMS. Ashish Kamat is is a consultant for Photocure. Mihir Desai is a consultant for Procept Biorobotics and Auris Surgical. Yair Lotan is a consultant for Photocure. Angela Smith is an investigator for Urogen and a consultant for FerGene Urogen and Merck.

Case-Control Studies Humans *Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Promoter Regions Genetic Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*genetics Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*genetics Bladder cancer Meta-analysis Polymorphism Vascular endothelial growth factor competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

5 alpha reductase inhibitors androgen deprivation therapy androgen receptor bladder cancer

Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase/*genetics Asian People/genetics Humans *Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Smoking/epidemiology Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/ethnology/*genetics White People/genetics Bladder cancer Meta-analysis N-acetyltransferase 2 Polymorphism competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.