Chemotherapy Adjuvant *Combined Modality Therapy Cystectomy Female Humans Middle Aged Muscles Neoadjuvant Therapy *Neoplasm Invasiveness Organ Sparing Treatments Patient Selection Quality of Life Salvage Therapy Survival Rate *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/therapy

Aged Catheterization Female Hospitalization Humans Lasers Solid-State/*therapeutic use Male Middle Aged Muscles/*pathology Neoplasm Recurrence Local/pathology Postoperative Complications/etiology Publication Bias Treatment Outcome Urethral Stricture/surgery Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery *Urologic Surgical Procedures Holmium laser Meta-analysis Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer Transurethral resection

Adult Aged Aged 80 and over B7-H1 Antigen/genetics/*immunology Female Humans Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/*administration & dosage *Immunotherapy Male Middle Aged Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/genetics/*immunology Progression-Free Survival Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics/immunology/mortality/*therapy efficacy immunotherapy meta-analysis safety urothelial cancer this study.

Disease Progression Humans Muscle Smooth/pathology Neoplasm Grading Neoplasm Invasiveness Neoplasm Staging Treatment Failure Urinary Bladder/pathology Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*pathology/*therapy *Watchful Waiting Active surveillance Non-Muscle Invasive bladder cancer Urothelial neoplasm

Cystectomy/adverse effects/*methods Humans Laser Therapy/adverse effects/*methods Neoplasm Invasiveness Treatment Outcome Urethra Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology/*surgery Bladder cancer Laser surgery Systematic review and meta-analysis Transurethral resection

Chemotherapy Adjuvant *Cystectomy/methods Humans Neoadjuvant Therapy Smoking/*adverse effects Survival Rate Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy/*mortality/*surgery cigarette smoking cystectomy recurrence survival urinary bladder neoplasms

Cystectomy/*methods Humans Laparoscopy/*methods Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods Robotic Surgical Procedures/*methods Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery Urologic Surgical Procedures/*methods

Humans *Mental Health Quality of Life Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*psychology

Cystectomy/adverse effects/*methods Humans *Robotic Surgical Procedures Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery Bladder cancer Cystectomy Meta-analysis Minimally invasive Robotics

Administration Intravesical Drug Therapy/instrumentation Humans Neoplasm Invasiveness Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology Emda Nmibc NMIBC Carcinome de la vessie TURBT EMDA RITE Synergo Rite Synergo Turbt Urothelial carcinoma

*Cystectomy/methods *Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Humans Length of Stay Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery Cystectomy Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Enhanced recovery Outcomes

Aged Carcinoma Transitional Cell/*surgery *Cystectomy/methods Female Humans *Lymph Node Excision Male Middle Aged Postoperative Complications Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery

Cystectomy/*methods Humans Postoperative Complications/epidemiology Quality of Life Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Robotic Surgical Procedures/*methods Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery

Cystectomy/*methods Humans *Quality of Life Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery *Urinary Diversion/methods *Urinary Reservoirs Continent Bladder cancer index Bricker Cystectomie radicale Ileal conduit Meta-analysis Méta-analyse Néovessie de substitution Orthotopic neobladder Quality of life Qualité de vie Radical cystectomy Revue systématique Systematic review

Antibodies Monoclonal/adverse effects/therapeutic use Antibodies Monoclonal Humanized/adverse effects/therapeutic use Antineoplastic Agents Immunological/*therapeutic use B7-H1 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors Clinical Trials Phase III as Topic Humans Network Meta-Analysis Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/*antagonists & inhibitors Salvage Therapy/*methods Survival Analysis Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*secondary PD-1 inhibitor PDL-1 inhibitor atezolizumab pembrolizumab urothelial bladder cancer

Blood Loss Surgical/statistics & numerical data Blood Transfusion/statistics & numerical data Cystectomy/*adverse effects/methods Hospital Mortality Humans Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data Operative Time Postoperative Complications/*epidemiology/etiology Quality of Life Risk Factors Robotic Surgical Procedures/*adverse effects Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder/surgery Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery Urinary Diversion/*adverse effects/methods health-related quality of life meta-analysis open radical cystectomy postoperative complication robot-assisted radical cystectomy

Cystectomy/methods/*mortality Humans Lymph Node Excision/methods/*mortality Lymph Nodes/surgery Lymphatic Metastasis Pelvis/pathology Postoperative Complications/etiology Prognosis Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Survival Rate Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*mortality/pathology/*surgery

Cystectomy/*methods Humans Organ Sparing Treatments/*methods Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery Bladder preservation High-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer Meta-analysis Radical cystectomy PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Administration Intravesical Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage Combined Modality Therapy Cystectomy/methods Humans Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Saline Solution/*administration & dosage/adverse effects Therapeutic Irrigation/adverse effects/methods Treatment Outcome Urethra Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy/surgery/*therapy Continuous saline bladder irrigation Meta-analysis Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer Randomized controlled trials Transurethral resection of bladder tumors

Carcinoma in Situ/diagnosis/epidemiology/*pathology/surgery *Cystectomy Disease-Free Survival Humans Neoplasm Recurrence Local/*diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology Prognosis Survival Analysis Treatment Outcome Ureteral Neoplasms/*diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology/secondary Urinary Bladder/pathology/surgery Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/mortality/*pathology/surgery