*Carcinoma Transitional Cell Evidence-Based Medicine Humans *Radiology Societies Medical United States *Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging Auc Appropriate Use Criteria Appropriateness Criteria Bladder cancer Muscle invasive bladder cancer Nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer Surveillance Transitional cell carcinoma Urothelial cancer

Carcinoma Transitional Cell/*mortality/pathology/surgery Cystectomy Disease-Free Survival Humans Neoplasm Recurrence Local/*diagnosis/epidemiology/pathology Prognosis Risk Assessment/methods Urinary Bladder/*pathology/surgery Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*mortality/pathology/surgery Urothelium/*pathology/surgery histology meta-analysis urinary bladder neoplasms

Carcinoma Transitional Cell/epidemiology/*pathology Disease Progression Humans Neoplasm Invasiveness Neoplasm Recurrence Local/epidemiology Neoplasm Staging Prognosis Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/epidemiology/*pathology Bladder cancer Progression Staging Substage T1 Urothelial carcinoma pT1

Radical cystectomy Vi-rads muscle-invasive bladder cancer urothelial carcinoma

5-ala 5-aminolaevulinic acid Hal Pdd accuracy meta-analysis bladder cancer blue light cystoscopy cystoscopy hexaminolevulinate narrow band imaging photodynamic diagnosis fluorescence consultant for Janssen Ferring Photocure Taris Spectrum Pacific Edge QED Abbvie Johnson & Johnson Seattle Genetics Nucleix Aduro and BMS. Ashish Kamat is is a consultant for Photocure. Mihir Desai is a consultant for Procept Biorobotics and Auris Surgical. Yair Lotan is a consultant for Photocure. Angela Smith is an investigator for Urogen and a consultant for FerGene Urogen and Merck.

Cystectomy/*methods Humans Laparoscopy/*methods Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods Robotic Surgical Procedures/*methods Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery Urologic Surgical Procedures/*methods

Administration Intravesical Drug Therapy/instrumentation Humans Neoplasm Invasiveness Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy/pathology Emda Nmibc NMIBC Carcinome de la vessie TURBT EMDA RITE Synergo Rite Synergo Turbt Urothelial carcinoma

Bladder cancer blood transfusion cystectomy oncology prognostic marker urothelial carcinoma

Carcinoma Transitional Cell/diagnosis/epidemiology/*therapy Child Combined Modality Therapy *Disease Management Disease Progression Global Health Humans Incidence Risk Factors Survival Rate/trends Urinary Bladder/*pathology Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis/epidemiology/*therapy Management Pediatric Surveillance Transurethral resection Urothelial cell carcinoma

Adult Aged Air Pollution/*adverse effects Carcinogens Environmental/*adverse effects Cohort Studies Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects Europe/epidemiology Female Humans Incidence Male Meta-Analysis as Topic Middle Aged Nitrogen Oxides/adverse effects Particulate Matter/adverse effects Prospective Studies Risk Factors Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*epidemiology/etiology Air pollution Bladder cancer Environment Prevention

diagnosis meta-analysis urinary bladder urine biomarkers urothelial carcinoma BioScience Corp. Norihiko Masuda Osamu Ogawa Meyeon Park Alvin Y Liu Yunfeng Dai Landon Kozai Hideki Furuya Yair Lotan and Takashi Kobayashi declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Antibodies Monoclonal/adverse effects/therapeutic use Antibodies Monoclonal Humanized/adverse effects/therapeutic use Antineoplastic Agents Immunological/*therapeutic use B7-H1 Antigen/*antagonists & inhibitors Clinical Trials Phase III as Topic Humans Network Meta-Analysis Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/*antagonists & inhibitors Salvage Therapy/*methods Survival Analysis Treatment Outcome Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*drug therapy/*secondary PD-1 inhibitor PDL-1 inhibitor atezolizumab pembrolizumab urothelial bladder cancer

Cystectomy/*methods Humans Perioperative Care/*methods Postoperative Complications/epidemiology/prevention & control *Recovery of Function Standard of Care Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*surgery Urologic Surgical Procedures/*methods

Carcinoma Papillary/mortality/pathology/*therapy Disease Progression Humans Neoplasm Staging Progression-Free Survival Risk Assessment Risk Factors Time Factors Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/mortality/pathology/*therapy Urothelium/*pathology Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy Bladder cancer Bladder sparing Immediate cystectomy Micropapillary Prognosis Transurethral resection Urothelial carcinoma Variant histology

Adjuvants Immunologic/administration & dosage Administration Intravesical BCG Vaccine/*adverse effects Chondroitin Sulfates/*administration & dosage Cystitis/chemically induced/pathology/*prevention & control Humans Hyaluronic Acid/*administration & dosage Immunotherapy/*adverse effects Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology/*therapy

B7-H1 Antigen/*metabolism Biomarkers Tumor/metabolism Carcinoma Transitional Cell/metabolism/*mortality/pathology Cell Membrane/metabolism Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic Humans Neoplasm Staging Prognosis Survival Analysis *Up-Regulation Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/metabolism/*mortality/pathology Biomarker Meta-analysis Pd-l1 Urothelial carcinoma

Asian People/genetics Carcinoma Renal Cell/genetics Female Genetic Association Studies/*methods Genetic Predisposition to Disease Humans Kidney Neoplasms/genetics Male *Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics Urogenital Neoplasms/*genetics Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/*genetics Meta-analysis Polymorphism Urologic neoplasms Vascular endothelial growth factors

Female Humans Male Prospective Studies *Quality of Life Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy/*psychology/radiotherapy Bladder cancer Chemotherapy Muscle-invasive bladder cancer Quality of life Urothelial cancer PUBLICATION: Not applicable. COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. PUBLISHER’S NOTE: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Bladder cancer Pd-1 Pd-l1 atezolizumab avelumab biomarkers durvalumab immunotherapy nivolumab pembrolizumab Urogen licenses/patents: University of Colorado research support: Medivation/Astellas stockholder in: Aurora Oncology PrecisionProfile other: IOS Press (editorial responsibilities compensated).The other authors report no conflicts of interest.

Databases Factual Disease-Free Survival Humans Lymphocytes/*cytology/immunology Neoplasm Metastasis Neutrophils/*cytology/immunology Odds Ratio Prognosis Proportional Hazards Models Risk Assessment Survival Rate Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/immunology/mortality/*pathology Urologic Neoplasms/immunology/mortality/*pathology Bladder cancer Metastatic unresectable urothelial carcinoma Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio Unresectable urothelial carcinoma